Single Stage

A single-stage precipitator uses high voltage to charge the particles, which are then collected within the same chamber on collection surfaces of opposite charge. Most ESPs that reduce particulate emissions from boilers and other industrial processes are single-stage ESPs (these units will be emphasized in this course). Single stage

ESPs use very high voltage (50 to 70 kV) to charge particles. After being charged, particles move in a direction perpendicular to the gas flow through the ESP, and migrate to an oppositely charged collection surface, usually a plate or tube. Particle charging and collection occurs in the same stage, or field; thus, the precipitators are called single-stage ESPs. The term field is used interchangeably with the term stage and is described in more detail later in this course. Figure 1 shows a single stage tubular precipitator. A single-stage plate precipitator is shown in Figure 2

                                                                 Figure 1

                                               Figure 2