Fabric filtration is one of the most common air pollution control technique used to collect particulate matter. Two basic types of filters are disposable and non disposable.
Disposable filters are similar to those used in a home heating or air conditioning system, They can be constructed as mats or s depth filters (12 inches or more). Mat Filters are usually made using fiber glass bats with a thin metal plate on the outside of the filter used for structural reinforcement. Depth filters are generally constructed using fiber glass, fiber glass filter paper or some other inert materiel such as fine steel fibers to form a deep mesh. The filters are very efficient (99.99%) for the collection of particles less than 1 micro meter in diameter but must be replaced when they become loaded with particulate matter (when the pressure drop across the filter exeeds design specifications). Depth filters are widely useful for the collection of toxic dust materials.
Non disposable fabric filters of a fabric material (nylon, fiberglass, or other). These filters are commonly used to clean dirty exhaust gas streams from industrial processes. The particles are retained on the fabric material, while the cleaned gas passes through the material.
The collected particles are then removed from the filter by one of the following cleaning mechanism (1) shaking (2) reversing the air flow, or (3) pulses of air. The removed particle are temporary stored in a collection hopper until they are disposed of on are reused in the process.
Non disposable fabric filter systems are used many different industrial process to control particulate emissions.
A fabric filter consists of the following components
1. Bags, fabric and support
2. Housing or shell
3. Collection hopper
4. Discharge device
5.Fiber cleaning devices
6.Fan
Typical fabric filter system
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